in:

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  The difference between the current assets at the end of the corresponding period and at the beginning of the corresponding period. Current assets include assets that can be converted into cash within one year, such as inventory, accounts receivable, etc.

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  The net increase in cash and cash equivalents between the end of the corresponding period and the beginning of the corresponding period. Cash equivalents generally refer to short-term, highly liquid investments that are easily converted into cash.

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  The difference between the current liabilities at the end and the beginning of the corresponding period. Current liabilities refer to debts due for repayment within one year, such as accounts payable, short-term loans, etc.

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  The difference between the short-term debt (borrowings in current liabilities) at the end of the corresponding period and at the beginning of the corresponding period. This part usually refers to bank loans and other short-term loans due within one year.

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  The difference between the taxes payable at the end of the corresponding period and at the beginning of the corresponding period. Taxes payable refers to the taxes that the company has not yet paid and is a current liability.

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  Corresponding to the depreciation and amortization expenses of the current period. Depreciation refers to the accounting treatment of the reduction in the value of fixed assets over time; amortization refers to the accounting treatment of the reduction in the value of intangible assets.

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  It is the average of the total assets at the beginning and end of the period. The purpose of using average total assets is to eliminate the impact of changes in company size on the ratio and make companies of different sizes comparable.